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中国企业出口产品质量的提升——中间品与资本品进口的直接和调节效应
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TitleThe promotion in the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products  
作者沈国兵 于欢  
AuthorShen Guobing and YU Huan  
作者单位复旦大学经济学院 
OrganizationInstitute of World Economy, School of Economics, Fudan University 
作者Emailguobingshen@fudan.edu.cn;15110680025@fudan.edu.cn 
中文关键词出口产品质量 中间品进口 资本品进口 调节效应 中国企业 
Key WordsQuality of Export Products; Imported Intermediates; Imported Capital Goods; Moderating Effects; Chinese Enterprises 
内容提要大量研究显示中间品进口会促进中国企业出口产品质量的提升,但与大规模中间品进口形成鲜明对比的是,中国企业出口产品质量仍然较低。本文聚焦中间品和资本品进口对中国企业出口产品质量的直接和调节效应,拟揭示之。我们使用2000-2013年中国工业企业与海关数据库匹配的数据,研究发现:(1)总样本来看,中间品进口对中国企业出口产品质量产生促进效应,而资本品进口产生抑制效应,二者调节不利于中国企业出口产品质量的提升。(2)区分产品差异化发现,同质中间品进口促进效应更大,且同质中间品与异质资本品进口交互存在显著的负面调节效应。(3)区分企业所有制发现,中间品进口对私营企业出口产品质量的促进效应最强,而资本品进口对私营企业的抑制效应最强,且中间品与资本品进口交互对三类企业都产生负面调节效应。本文表明正是中间品和资本品进口结构失衡对中国企业出口产品质量产生了负面调节效应,才导致中国在大规模进口中间品的同时却出现中国企业出口产品质量处于低位的现象。据此,在强调中间品进口促进效应的同时,要区别重视、克服其通过资本品进口产生的不利调节效应。 
AbstractMany studies have shown that the import of intermediate goods will promote the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products, but in stark contrast to the large-scale import of intermediate goods in China, the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products is still low. Why? Focusing on the direct and moderating effects of imported intermediates & capital goods on the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products, this paper attempts to reveal it. We use the matching data between Chinese industrial enterprise database and Customs trade database from 2000 to 2013 and empirically find that (1) from the perspective of total sample, there is the promoting effect of imported intermediates on the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products, while there is the depressing effect of imported capital goods. The moderating effect between them is not conducive to promoting the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products. (2) distinguishing among product differentiation, we find that there is larger promoting effect of importing homogeneous intermediate goods on the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products, and there is a significant and negative depressing effect of the interactive import between homogeneous intermediates & differentiated capital goods. (3) distinguishing among enterprise ownership, we find that the import of intermediate goods has the strongest promoting effect on the export product quality of private enterprises, whereas the import of capital goods has the strongest depressing effect on that of private enterprises, moreover, the interactive import between intermediates and capital goods has negative and moderating effects on that of three types of enterprises. Our study shows that it is the imbalance in the import structure of intermediates & capital goods that causes negative and moderating effects on the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products, which leads to the phenomenon that the quality of Chinese enterprises’ export products is low at the same time in the large-scale import of intermediate goods. Therefore, while emphasizing the promoting effect of imported intermediates, it is necessary to differentiate to emphasize and overcome the negative and moderating effects resulting from importing capital goods. 
文章编号WP1436 
登载时间2019-11-14 
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