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产权多元化有利于环境质量改善吗?
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TitleDoes Partial Privatization Improve the Environment?  
作者杜雯翠 牛海鹏 张平淡  
AuthorDu Wencui,Niu Haipeng and Zhang Pingdan  
作者单位首都经济贸易大学经济学院;中国人民大学商学院;北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院 
OrganizationCapital University of Economics and Business; Renmin University of China;Beijing Normal University 
作者Emailduwencui@cueb.edu.cn;niuhaipeng@rmbs.ruc.edu.cn;pingdanzhang@bnu.edu.cn 
中文关键词产权多元化 国有企业 环境污染 中介效应 
Key WordsPartial Privatization; SOEs; Pollution; Mediate Effect 
内容提要中国国有企业与民营企业存在规模差异,市场地位也不对称,这使得现有研究利用古诺模型(Cournot)和伯特兰德模型(Bertrand)研究产权多元化与环境质量关系的做法并不太可取。立足斯塔克尔伯格模型(Stackberg)的理论分析表明,产权多元化对环境污染的影响主要通过“生产规模效应”和“环境规制效应”两种途径实现,其中,“生产规模效应”指产权多元化水平提升会降低行业产量,进而减缓污染,不过,立足斯塔克尔伯格模型的“环境规制效应”与立足古诺模型或伯特兰德模型的分析有所不同,产权多元化并不必然导致污染排放上升,还受产品差异化程度、国有经济水平的影响。在此基础上,以我国工业行业2005-2015年的平衡面板数据为样本,使用面板数据的固定效应模型和中介效应模型检验产权多元化与环境污染之间的数量关系。结果表明,产权多元化有助于降低污染排放,改善环境质量。而且,在产品差异程度不大的行业中,产权多元化水平有利于降低污染排放,但在产品差异程度较大的行业中,产权多元化水平和污染排放的关系并不显著。进一步实证发现,产权多元化对环境质量的改善作用主要通过“环境规制效应”,而不是“生产规模效应”而实现的。因此,从环境保护的角度看,进一步深化混合所有制改革有助于降低环境污染,推动高质量发展,促进经济效益与环境效益的共同持续增长。 
AbstractThe scales of Chinese state-owned enterprises and private enterprises are so different, which results in the asymmetric market position. This makes it not very advisable to study the relationship between partial privatization and environmental quality using Cournot model and Betrand model. Base on the Stackberg model, the mathematical relationship between partial privatization and environmental quality was analyzed. It was considered that the influence of partial privatization on environmental quality was realized mainly through two ways which are “production scale effect” and “environmental regulation effect”. The “production scale effect” referred to the partial privatization was good for the reduction of industry output and pollutant emission. However, the “environmental regulation effect” based on Stackelberg model was different from that based on Cournot model or Bertrand model. The partial privatization did not necessarily lead to the increasing of pollutant emission, but also was affected by the degree of product differentiation and the development of state-owned economy. Base on the balance panel data of Chinese industries during 2005 to 2015, the relationship between privatization and pollution emission intensity was analyzed using fixed effect model and mediator effect model. It was found that, the partial privatization benefited the reduction of pollutant emission and improvement of environmental quality. Moreover, partial privatization was good for the reduction of pollutant emission in industries with limited product differentiation, but had no significant relation with pollutant emission in industries with higher product differentiation. In addition, the reduction of pollution emission was mainly due to the “environmental regulation effect”, not the “production scale effect”. Thus, from the point of view of environmental protection, it is good for the high quality development, and the increasing of both economic benefit and environmental benefit to continue the mixed-ownership reform.  
文章编号WP1295 
登载时间2018-09-26 
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