代理还是经销？——合作生产中的交易形式选择
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| Title | Broker or Reseller? ——Choice of Transaction Forms in Interdependent Production
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| 作者 | 谢莉娟 王诗桪 |
| Author | Xie Lijuan and Wang Shixun |
| 作者单位 | 中国人民大学商学院 |
| Organization | School of Business, Renmin University of China |
| 作者Email | xielijuan@rbs.ruc.edu.cn;wangshixun@ruc.edu.cn |
| 中文关键词 | 交易形式选择 合作生产模型 合约理论 资产专用程度 |
| Key Words | Transaction Form; Interdependent Production; Contract Theory; Asset Specificity |
| 内容提要 | 依照交换关系的发生是否包含所有权的同步转移，现实中纷繁复杂的商品交易形式可大致简化为经销（直接售卖）与代理（收益分成）两类情况；前者一定程度上反映了马克思所释义的“商品经营资本”独立于一般产业资本而存在的历史必然性，但中国情境的交易形式选择却已极大偏向代理形式而偏离了经销与代理适度平衡的较优状态。本文借鉴合约理论的思路并将分析情境拓展至具有一定交易关系维系倾向的供应链上下游之间，通过“合作生产”模型刻画了资产专用程度对交易形式选择的影响，并运用零售企业数据与面板分位数模型对部分结论进行假说检验。研究启示在于，若上游资产专用性过低而下游资产专用性过高，将极大推高代理这一交易形式的比例，从而不利于商人资本形成并发挥作用。由于交易双方在自发均衡中可能陷入偏离社会最优的交易形式选择“僵局”，政府部门和行业组织的适度干预是必要的。 |
| Abstract | The form of transaction can be reducible to the broker and the reseller in consideration of the alienation of the property. The reseller suggests the necessity of which commercial capital is independent of the industry capital referring to Karl Marx. However, the proportion of the broker overwhelms the reseller in China, distorting the balance of the transaction form. We develop the contract theory from the competition market to the supply chain and construct the 'interdependent production' model to analyses the influence of asset specificity. We also use the data of the retailing enterprise and the panel quantile model to test the hypotheses. The conclusion is that the high asset specificity of the upstream and the low asset specificity of the downstream will strengthen the incentive of the brokers, which reduced the commercial capital and weaken its effect. This equilibrium will not lead to the firs-best result so it suggests that the government and industry organization should intervene properly. |
| 文章编号 | WP1253 |
| 登载时间 | 2018-01-04 |
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