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服务业开放、管理效率与企业出口——理论分析与实证检验
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TitleService opening, Managerial Efficiency and Firms` Export——Theoretical and Empirical Analysis  
作者孙浦阳 侯欣裕 盛斌  
AuthorSun Puyang, Hou Xinyu and Sheng Bin.  
作者单位南开大学经济学 
OrganizationSchool of Economics, Nankai University; Collaborative Innovation Center for China Economy, Nankai University 
作者Emailpuyangsun@nankai.edu.cn;sherryhou0209@163.com;shengbin@nankai.edu.cn 
中文关键词服务业改革 企业出口 外资股权开放 管理效率 
Key WordsService Reform; Export; Foreign Equity Openness; Managerial Efficiency 
内容提要本文从服务业中间品市场改革的视角,研究了我国服务业外资参股的政策调整对下游制造企业出口的影响。首先,我们构建一个异质性贸易理论框架,从理论上证明了服务业中间品的开放通过成本渠道影响制造企业的出口,并且企业的管理效率对服务业的作用发挥存在显著影响。接着,本文基于国家发改委颁布“关于外资参股服务业”的相关文件,通过量化外资参股的政策变化,刻画出1997-2007年我国服务业的外资鼓励和限制变化程度;并进一步通过服务业中间品投入产出比例,匹配的企业信息,检验了对出口的影响。结果和理论基本吻合:首先,服务业允许外资参股的政策显著提高了下游制造业的出口倾向和收益,但是边际效果随着外资限制程度的放开而逐渐降低;其次,服务业开放对企业出口的积极作用在管理效率高的企业表现更为显著;并且,与企业出口相关的金融、运输和通讯服务行业更加能显著促进企业出口收益;在考虑内生性以及使用替换变量等检验中,我们的结果仍然稳健。因此,我们的分析指出服务中间品市场的开放改革,可以进一步优化我国出口市场结构,提高出口绩效。 
AbstractBased on the service input market reform, the paper analyze the impact of China`s service foreign equity restrictions policy adjustment on downstream manufacturing firms` export. This paper firstly proposes a theory model to prove that service sector opening has effect on manufacturing firms` export by reducing cost, and also the effect is enhanced by firms` managerial efficiency. The paper calculates and analyses the service sector FDI encouragement and restriction policy from 1997-2007 in China using directory of foreign equity to service sector. This paper uses input-output table to measure the service sector opening and uses the manufacturing firm level data to test the relationship between service sector opening and downstream firms’ export performance. The paper finds that foreign equity permission policy for service sector significantly increases downstream manufacturing firms` export both extensive and intensive margin. But the marginal contribution is decreasing with the foreign equity opening. The paper also fins that the effect from service sector opening is more important for the firms with higher managerial efficiency. The openness of finance, transportation and communication has large effect on firms` export. And the paper`s findings are robust when considering the endogeneity problem and replacing another variable. The conclusion of the paper is that the opening reform in service input sector can help promote export. 
文章编号WP1248 
登载时间2017-12-22 
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