户籍歧视与城镇化进程中的福利缺失：理论、实证与弥补路径
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| Title | Census Register Discrimination and the Deletion of Welfare in Chinese Urbanization: Theories, Evidences and Remedial Paths
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| 作者 | 郭进 徐盈之 |
| Author | Guo Jin and Xu Yingzhi |
| 作者单位 | 东南大学经济管理学院 |
| Organization | School of Economics and Management, Southeast University |
| 作者Email | guojineconomics@outlook.com；xuyingzhi@hotmail.com |
| 中文关键词 | 城镇化 户籍歧视 福利缺失 弥补路径 |
| Key Words | Chinese urbanization; Census Register Discrimination; Welfare Deletion; Remedial Paths |
| 内容提要 | 在城乡分割的户籍管理制度下，我国城市内部二元结构所隐含的户籍歧视问题制约了农业户籍城镇居民福利水平向非农户籍城镇居民福利水平的趋同，造成城镇化进程中的福利缺失。本文同时关注城镇劳动力市场中的户籍歧视以及社会保障和基本公共服务领域中的户籍歧视，并采用2011年CHNS数据和2012年CLDS数据研究了户籍歧视造成城镇化进程中福利缺失的作用机理、影响效应及弥补路径。研究结论表明：控制其他条件下，农业户籍城镇居民承受了更大的劳动强度，但他们在劳动报酬、医疗保险和社会保障、子女教育等方面却无法享有与非农户籍城镇居民同等的待遇，他们的幸福感和社会地位要显著地低于非农户籍城镇居民的幸福感和社会地位。弥补我国城镇化进程中的福利缺失，既需要消除劳动力市场中的户籍歧视，实现同工同酬，也需要消除社会保障和基本公共服务领域中的户籍歧视，实现同公共物品消费。同时，实现同工同酬和实现同公共物品消费具有不同的作用路径、行为主体及福利改善效应，且在实践的过程中也面临着不同的障碍和优势。本文的研究建议从培养新生代农民工、推进公共物品供给侧和需求侧改革、创新户籍管理制度并促使其与其他社会管理活动脱钩三个方面来实现同工同酬和同公共物品消费。 |
| Abstract | Under the divisional census register system, the problem of census register discrimination which implied in inner-urban dual structure had restricted the convergence of welfare levels between the labors without urban census registers and labors with urban census registers, and caused significant deletion of welfare in Chinese urbanization. In this paper, we studied the mechanism, effects and remedial paths between census register discrimination and the deletion of welfare in Chinese urbanization by focusing on the register discriminations both in labor market and the field of public goods consuming, and by carrying out empirical analyses and robustness test with data of CHNS (2011) and CLDS (2012). The results indicated that labors without urban census registers had suffered a more intense working strength than labors with urban census registers, but they could not gain an equivalent treatment in payment, social security and children’s education like labors with urban census registers, and they also suffered lesser happiness and lower social status with the controlling of other variables. To remedy the deletion of welfare in Chinese urbanization, effects must be made both on equal pay for equal work and equal public goods consumption, however they have different functional paths, behavioral agents and welfare improvement effects, and they also face different obstacles and advantages in practice. The results suggest that the work like cultivating new generation migrant workers, promoting the supply-front reform and demand-front reform of public goods, innovating census register system and decoupling census register system with other social management activities can be carried out in this process. |
| 文章编号 | WP1134 |
| 登载时间 | 2016-11-29 |
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