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中间投入品进口、产品转换与企业要素禀赋结构升级
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TitleIntermediate Inputs Import, Product Switching and Structure Upgrading of Firm’s Factor Endowment  
作者钱学锋 王备  
AuthorQian Xuefeng and Wang Bei  
作者单位中南财经政法大学 
OrganizationZhongnan University of Economics and Law 
作者Emailxfqian@126.com 
中文关键词进口 中间投入品 产品转换 要素密度 
Key WordsImporting; intermediate inputs; Product switching; Factor intensity  
内容提要中国贸易发展的转型与升级,应以提升要素禀赋结构为目标。本文构建了一个引入多要素投入和中间投入品要素密度差异的一般均衡贸易模型,分析了企业进口中间投入品及其产品转换行为对企业要素禀赋结构的影响。理论模型的结论表明:(1)企业生产率与中间投入品生产率比较优势会影响企业进口决策,高生产率企业更倾向于进口中间投入品;(2)中间投入品要素密度会影响中间投入品生产率比较优势与企业进口收益,企业会根据中间投入品要素密度调整进口种类数量与规模,发生产品转换行为;(3)企业在进口产品转换中,通过中间投入品生产要素流动引起了企业要素密度的变动,并最终提升企业的要素禀赋结构。进一步的经验研究显示,进口中间投入品提升了企业资本密度大约0.4个百分点,进行产品转换则提升了企业资本密度大约0.3个百分点。企业通过进口的二元边际提升资本密度,但扩展边际的作用要大于集约的边际。因此,通过进一步的贸易自由化,减少企业中间投入品进口及其进行产品转换的外部政策约束,将有助于提升企业的要素禀赋结构,并进而改善整个经济体的生产与贸易结构,最终推动中国贸易发展的转型与升级。 
AbstractTransformation and upgrading of China's trade development should aim to improve structure of factor endowments. This paper constructs a general equilibrium trade model introduced in intermediate inputs and factors density difference assumption, analyzes the influence of firms import intermediate inputs and product switching behavior to their factor endowment structure. The conclusion of our theoretical model show that: (1) the firm's own productivity and the productivity comparative advantage of intermediate inputs will affect their decision-making for importing, productive firms are more likely to import intermediate inputs; (2) the factor density of intermediate inputs can affect its productivity comparative advantage and import gains of firms, so firms will adjustment the number and scale of import according to the factor density which resulting product switching behavior; (3) the import switching through intermediate inputs flow changes the firm's element density ,and finally improve their structure of factor endowments. Further empirical research shows that imports of intermediate inputs increase firm's capital density about 0.4% and the product switching promote about 0.3%. It increases capital density through importing dual margin, but extensive margin has a bigger role than intensive margin. Therefore, by further trade liberalization, reduce the external policy constraints which restrict firm import intermediate inputs and product switching will help to improve their structure of factor endowments, and further improve the production and trade structure of the whole economy, eventually to drive the trade transformation and upgrade of China. 
文章编号WP904 
登载时间2015-07-28 
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