土地财政对城乡居民收入的再分配效应研究——来自中国省际面板数据的经验证据
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| Title | A Study of the Redistribution Effects of the Land Finance on Income Gap Between Urban and Rural Areas
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| 作者 | 杨灿明 詹新宇 |
| Author | Yang Canming and Zhan Xinyu |
| 作者单位 | 中南财经政法大学 |
| Organization | Zhongnan University of Economics and Law |
| 作者Email | zhanxygl@163.com；yangcanming@sina.com |
| 中文关键词 | 土地财政；城乡居民收入差距；再分配效应；系统GMM估计；分位数回归 |
| Key Words | land finance; income gap between urban and rural areas; SYS-GMM model; Quantile regression |
| 内容提要 | 理论分析表明，土地财政对城乡居民收入既存在逆向再分配效应，也存在正向再分配效应，因此其对城乡居民收入差距的影响是复合型的。而且基于系统GMM模型的实证研究发现，这种复合型的影响显著表现为U型关系：在开始阶段，主要表现为正向再分配效应，即随着土地财政规模的发展，城乡居民收入差距不断缩小；越过拐点之后，则主要表现为逆向再分配效应，土地财政转向扩大城乡居民收入差距。回归结果还证实，土地财政对城乡居民收入的再分配效应还受到经济发展水平、城镇化率和基础设施等因素的影响。分地区的数据分析发现，土地财政与城乡居民收入差距的U型关系表现出显著的地区差异性，东、中、西部地区的拐点值依次减小。分位数回归检验表明，土地财政与城乡居民收入差距的U型关系不仅对条件期望 成立，在整个条件分布 下也依然成立，并且随着分位点的提高，其拐点值表现出先升后降的变化趋势，这意味着即使是同样的土地财政规模，对处于不同分位点的城乡居民收入差距而言，其再分配效应的方向也可能是不同的。文章认为，认识到土地财政与城乡居民收入差距的U型关系，对全面评价我国土地财政的作用、进一步推进土地财政改革都有重要意义。 |
| Abstract | Theoretical analysis shows that, the influences of land finance on the income gap between urban and rural areas are compound: there exist reverse redistribution effects as well as positive redistribution effects. The empirical study based on SYS-GMM model indicates that, the compound influences present significantly a U type relationship. Namely, the beginning sees positive redistribution effects while reverse redistribution effects appear when the land finance exceeds the inflection point. According to the regional data analysis, the U type relationship between land finance and the urban-rural income gap is significantly different. Quantile regression test shows that, this U type relationship still stands in the conditional distribution, and with the quantile increasing, the value of inflection point increases after a decline. The conclusions of the present study are greatly important to promote the reform of land finance in China. |
| 文章编号 | WP778 |
| 登载时间 | 2014-12-19 |
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