服务企业异质性、FDI动机与生产率溢价
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| Title | Firm Heterogeneity in services, FDI Motivation and Productivity Premium
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| 作者 | 刘军 王恕立 |
| Author | Liu Jun and Wang Shuli |
| 作者单位 | 山西财经大学；武汉理工大学 |
| Organization | Shanxi University of Finance and Economics;Wuhan University of Technology |
| 作者Email | liuj1919@163.com；wangsl@whut.edu.cn |
| 中文关键词 | 服务企业 异质性 FDI动机 生产率溢价 |
| Key Words | Services firms; Heterogeneity; FDI motivation; Productivity premium |
| 内容提要 | 本文克服了已有FDI动机研究中的企业同质性假设以及无形产品领域和跨国企业自身被忽视等缺陷，利用世界银行提供的1999-2012年包括中国在内的135个国家的大样本企业数据，基于企业异质性视角全面系统地考察了服务企业的FDI动机及其生产率溢价，并与制造业企业进行了详细地比较。主要的发现有：（1）总体上服务企业具有较强的异质性，且收入水平越低的国家，其异质性越强；传统服务行业和知识密集型服务行业中较强的企业异质性分别主要存在于低收入水平国家和高收入水平国家；（2）服务企业的FDI动机主要表现为市场寻求型，但在收入水平越高的东道国，其越倾向于寻求效率；（3）总体、国家和行业层面的服务企业大都呈现出显著的效率寻求型FDI动机的生产率溢价；（4）制造业企业的FDI动机以效率寻求型为主，但服务企业拥有更强的企业异质性以及更高的效率寻求型FDI动机强度和生产率溢价。我们的研究在一定程度上弥补了现有关于异质性企业FDI动机研究在服务领域的空白，且结论对于一国在利用外资和对外投资等方面隐含着丰富的政策含义。 |
| Abstract | There are three shortcomings in previous studies: the assumption of firm homogeneity, service sector and multinationals themselves were neglected. In order to overcome the aboved shortcomings, the panel data in 1999-2012 on service firms of 135 countries from the World Bank are used to systematically analyze, which based on the perspective of firm heterogeneity, the FDI motivation and its productivity premium, and then compare with the manufacturing enterprises. The results are as follows: (1) service firms have strong heterogeneity, which stronger in lower income countries; the stronger heterogeneous of traditional service sectors and knowledge-intensive sectors are existed respectively in low-income countries and high-income countries; (2) the FDI motivation of service firms is mainly seeking market, but the efficiency-seeking motivation is more significant in the higher income countries; (3) the productivity premium of efficiency-seeking FDI is significantly existed both in the level of general, country and sector; (4) the FDI motivation of service firms is mainly seeking efficiency, but service firms have more stronger firm heterogeneity, higher intensity of efficiency-seeking motivation and productivity premium. The aboved conclusions imply rich policy implications for a country’s FDI inflows and outflows, and our research make up the existing research gaps of FDI motivation of service firms in some extent. |
| 文章编号 | WP777 |
| 登载时间 | 2014-12-10 |
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