刘易斯二元经济模型的拓展研究
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| Title | An Extended Lewis Dual Economy Model and Its Application to China
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| 作者 | 叶正茂 邹宇翔 王晓兵 |
| Author | Ye Zhenmao, Zou Yuxiang and Wang Xiaobing |
| 作者单位 | 上海财经大学经济学院;曼彻斯特大学 |
| Organization | Shanghai University of Finance and Economics; The University of Manchester |
| 作者Email | yzm@mail.shufe.edu.cn ；yuxiang.zou@manchester.ac.uk；xiaobing.wang@manchester.ac.uk |
| 中文关键词 | 二元经济模型 剩余劳动力 劳动力转移 刘易斯拐点 |
| Key Words | Economic Development; Dual Economy; Surplus Labor; Lewis Turning Point; China |
| 内容提要 | 本文综述有关刘易斯二元经济模型和剩余劳动力理论及应用的最新文献，在此基础上进行拓展研究，用来解释中国经济发展的过程。首先从传统农业部门的生产方式、人口增长以及长期人均收入之间的关系出发，对剩余劳动力进行了定义；并讨论了现代工业部门的工资决定机制及其与劳动力市场的关系。第二，讨论了农业和农村土地的社会保障功能，认为在经济发展初期，农村土地的交易不仅要考虑到它的生产功能，而且更要考虑到它的社会保障功能。第三，探讨了工业化与城镇化的关系，认为要避免没有工业化或工业化不足的城镇化。第四，区分并定义了两种不同类型的剩余劳动力，基于此，提出要区分两个不同的刘易斯拐点。本文认为中国虽然已经达到了第一个刘易斯拐点，但还远远没有达到第二个刘易斯拐点，因此才会出现工资上涨和在部分地区劳动力剩余同时并存的现象。 |
| Abstract | This paper reviews recent literature on Lewis' dual economy theory and uses it to explain several aspects of economic development in China. First, it examines the connection between long run per capita income and subsistence wages, and discusses two wage determination mechanisms in the modern sector. Second, it discusses the social security function of the agricultural sector, and argues that this function is an important means for insuring rural residents and rural-urban migrants against risks and uncertainties. Third, it distinguishes two types of urbanization and argues that urbanization without sufficient employment creation in the urban sector might have no economic benefit as it only involves surplus labor in the rural areas becoming urban surplus labor. Fourth, it defines two types of surplus labor, and distinguishes two different Lewis turning points. It argues that China has reached the first Lewis turning point, but is still far from reaching the second turning point, and this explains the coexistence of rising wages and surplus labor. |
| 文章编号 | WP761 |
| 登载时间 | 2014-11-20 |
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