技术进步方向、城市用地规模和环境质量 阅读全文
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Title | The Direction of Technical Change, Urban Land Size and Environment Quality
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作者 | 董直庆 蔡啸 王林辉 |
Author | Dong Zhiqing, Cai Xiao, and Wang Linhui |
作者单位 | 吉林大学;东北师范大学经济学院 |
Organization | Jilin University;School of Economics, Northeast Normal University |
作者Email | dongzq@jlu.edu.cn;cx8691@qq.com;linhuiwang73@sina.com |
中文关键词 | 技术进步方向 城市用地规模 环境质量 |
Key Words | Directed Technical Change; Urban Land Size; Environmental Quality |
内容提要 | 国内研究更多关注技术进步对环境质量的作用,却并未重视技术进步方向变化可能对环境产生的影响。本文构建两部门内生经济增长模型,数理演绎技术进步方向和城市用地规模变化与环境质量的耦合过程,结合我国经济数据数值模拟不同技术进步方向对城市用地规模和环境质量的影响。模型结果发现,提升环境质量可以通过控制城市用地规模和清洁技术创新方式实现,但科学家能否选择清洁技术研发取决于清洁和非清洁技术创新的相对收益,通常,自由市场环境下企业R&D投资更多朝向非清洁技术领域,清洁技术研发不足,而政府可以利用研发补贴或征税方式改变技术创新方向,但改变强度却受制于技术研发成功率、技术水平和政策力度。数值模拟结果发现,如果保持我国现阶段的技术进步方向不变,环境质量、城市用地和经济产出将难以实现相容发展,即环境质量提升对城市用地和经济产出存在“挤出”效应,而转变技术进步方向却能同步提高经济产出和环境质量。 |
Abstract | The literature focuses on the effect of technology on the environment, while, they pay little attention to the effect of the direction of technology. This paper introduces the direction of technical change and environment quality to the two-sector model, and discusses the effect of directed technical change and the variation of urban and rural lands on the environmental quality, and measures the level of the effect on environmental quality using numerical simulation. It shows that the improvement of environmental quality can be achieved through innovation of clear technology, however, and the enterprise is more willing to invest on the dirty technology, and the direction of technology depends on the relative profit between clean and dirty sectors. Research subsidy and taxes can influence the direction of technology innovation, but the changing extent is subject to the successful rate of R&D, technology level and policies. The results of numerical simulation show that under different directions of technology change, the environmental quality, urban land size and economic output could not do grow coordinately. There is crowding out effect of environmental quality on urban lands and economic output in the current path of technology change. Only through improving clean technology innovations, environmental quality, and economic growth develop coordinately. |
文章编号 | WP586 |
登载时间 | 2014-01-27 |
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