司法独立与市场分割——以法官异地交流为实验的研究
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| Title | Judicial Independence and Market Fragmentation
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| 作者 | 陈刚 李树 |
| Author | Chen Gang and Li Shu |
| 作者单位 | 西南政法大学经济学院 |
| Organization | Southwest University of Political Science and Law |
| 作者Email | cgcqu@126.com；lishu575@hotmail.com |
| 中文关键词 | 市场分割 司法独立 法官异地交流 |
| Key Words | Market Segmentation; Judicial Independence; Geographical Rotation of Judges |
| 内容提要 | 中国“向地方分权的权威制度”促使地方政府之间存在着以邻为壑的增长竞争，造成了严重的地方市场分割。理论上，司法独立是制衡政府权力过度扩张，保护私人财产和契约自由的重要手段。因而，司法独立不仅有助于打破由地方政府主导的市场分割，而且，也不会破坏现有的激励地方政府努力发展经济的制度均衡，并促使地方政府做出保护私人财产和契约自由的可信承诺。本文以2008年中国各省高院院长异地交流作为刻画地方司法独立性提升的一次自然实验，研究证实，地方司法独立性的提升不仅显著且可观地降低了地方市场间的分割程度，而且，也显著地促进了经济增长。本文首次证实了在中国的情境下，提升地方司法的独立性也是制衡地方政府权力过度扩张，保护私人财产和契约自由的有效手段，这对中国未来的司法体制改革和市场建设具有重要的启示性含义。 |
| Abstract | The Chinese economic institution is characterized as regionally decentralized authoritarian system (Xu, 2010), and it leads serious local market fragmentation. Theoretically, judicial checks and balances are seen as crucial guarantees of property right and contract freedom, and of which judicial independence is a main way. Consequently, judicial independence couldn’t only break the market fragmentation, but also won’t break the equilibrium institutions which inspirit local government developing economy. This paper takes the geographical rotation of chief justices of higher people’s court as a quasi-experiment to reveal the promotion of judicial independence in China, and finds that: the geographical rotation of chief justices of higher people’s court significantly and considerably reduces the market fragmentation, and significantly boosts economic growth as well. It means judicial independence is also an important way to guarantee property right and contract freedom in China. |
| 文章编号 | WP468 |
| 登载时间 | 2013-06-07 |
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