献给多数幸福的人：对加工贸易福利效应和转型升级的反思
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| Title | To the Happy Many:Reflections on the Welfare Effect and Upgrading of Processing Trade
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| 作者 | 刘晴 徐蕾 |
| Author | Liu Qing and Xu Lei |
| 作者单位 | 上海财经大学国际工商管理学院；复旦大学经济学院 |
| Organization | School of International Business Administration, SHUFE;School of Economics, Fudan University |
| 作者Email | liuqingshufe@gmail.com；xuleifd@gmail.com |
| 中文关键词 | 加工贸易 二元经济 贸易成本分享 福利效应 转型决策 |
| Key Words | Processing Trade; Dual Economy; Trade Costs Sharing; Welfare Effect; Transformation Decision |
| 内容提要 | 经典异质性企业理论中的贸易福利效应会在中国发生吗？外需变化和工资差异如何影响加工贸易企业的转型？为了给出这些问题的答案，本文在经典异质性企业贸易模型的基础上，建立了一个以中国经济结构特征和出口贸易事实为依据的异质性企业分类模型。模型的主要结论表明：贸易自由化对发达国家和发展中国家福利水平的影响机制大相径庭。尽管加工贸易会降低行业的平均生产率水平，减少本国消费者可得的产品种类，其仍通过吸收二元经济结构中的剩余劳动力改善了社会福利水平。该模型可以较好地解释我国“出口企业生产率悖论”和“劳动力需求悖论”。本文为改革开放以来我国加工贸易政策的实施提供了理论基础，也为政府辅助加工贸易转型提供了政策建议。 |
| Abstract | Did the Welfare effect of trade indicated by the theory of heterogeneous firms happen in China? How do the foreign demand shock and the wage gap affect the transformation behavior of processing traders? To address these questions, we propose a simple heterogeneous firms sorting model in which the stylized facts of economic structure and export trade in China have been incorporated. The results of the model indicate that trade liberalization exerts the welfare effect on the developing countries through a very different channel from that on the developed countries. The processing trade may lower the average level of industrial productivity and reduce the available varieties of the consumers. However, the processing trade still improves the social welfare by absorbing the surplus labor in the dual economy. The model in the paper not only gives a theoretical foundation for the processing trade policy which has been implemented since the reform and opening, but offers some policy implications on promoting the upgrading of processing trade. |
| 文章编号 | WP451 |
| 登载时间 | 2013-06-06 |
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