分权、土地财政与城市基础设施
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| Title | Decentralization, Land Finance and Urban Infrastructure
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| 作者 | 汤玉刚 陈强 |
| Author | Tang Yugang and Chen Qiang |
| 作者单位 | 山东大学经济学院 |
| Organization | School of Economics, Shandong University |
| 作者Email | tangyugang@126.com；qiang2chen2@126.com |
| 中文关键词 | 基础设施 显性土地财政 隐性土地财政 资本化 |
| Key Words | Infrastructure; Explicit Land Finance; Implicit Land Finance; Capitalization |
| 内容提要 | 20世纪90年代中期之后，中国的基础设施存量迅猛增加，为中国的经济增长和社会发展做出了重要贡献。本文试图为理解中国的基础设施改善机制提供一个整合的理论和实证框架。研究表明：财政分权体制的确立与土地要素市场化改革的启动是促成中国基础设施起飞的关键条件。分权化经济治理模式所产生的辖区间竞争与土地融资创新分别历史性地改变了基础设施的投资需求和供给能力，尤其在城市部门。进一步，我们详细分析了显性和隐性土地财政与城市基础设施提供之间的理论逻辑，并运用资本存量法和实物存量法两种方法对相关假说进行了初步实证检验，1999-2007年的省际面板数据提供了某些支持性证据。本研究不仅有助于理解中国城市基础设施的增长，而且为理解以土地为中心的中国式分权体制提供了一个有益视角。 |
| Abstract | China has witnessed unprecedented growth in its infrastructure sector since mid 1990s, which has played an important role in China’s economic growth and social development.This paper attempts to provide an integrated theoretical and empirical framework to explore the rationale of rapid improvements in China's infrastructures. This study shows that the establishment of fiscal decentralization system and the market-oriented reform of the factor of land are key prerequisites of the take-off of China’s infrastructures. Inter-jurisdictional competition and land finance innovations ,both of which originate from China’s decentralized economic governance model, change the demand and supply capacity of infrastructures historically, especially in the urban sector.The relationship between land finance and the supply of urban infrastructure is explored.Empirical evidence is given based on the inter-provincial panel data from year 1999 to 2007,using the capital stock and physical stock of infrastructures as the explained factor respectively. This study can not only help to understand the growth of urban infrastructure in China, but also provide a useful perspective to understand the Chinese-style decentralization when land is controlled by local governments. |
| 文章编号 | WP352 |
| 登载时间 | 2012-08-31 |
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